Vue.js

# Custom Elements Interop
breaking

# Overview

  • BREAKING: The checks to determine whether tags should be treated as custom elements are now performed during template compilation, and should be configured via compiler options instead of runtime config.
  • BREAKING: Special is attribute usage is restricted to the reserved <component> tag only.
  • NEW: To support 2.x use cases where is was used on native elements to work around native HTML parsing restrictions, prefix the value with vue: to resolve it as a Vue component.

# Autonomous Custom Elements

If we want to add a custom element defined outside of Vue (e.g. using the Web Components API), we need to 'instruct' Vue to treat it as a custom element. Let's use the following template as an example.

<plastic-button></plastic-button>
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# 2.x Syntax

In Vue 2.x, configuring tags as custom elements was done via Vue.config.ignoredElements:

// This will make Vue ignore custom element defined outside of Vue
// (e.g., using the Web Components APIs)

Vue.config.ignoredElements = ['plastic-button']
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# 3.x Syntax

In Vue 3.0, this check is performed during template compilation. To instruct the compiler to treat <plastic-button> as a custom element:

  • If using a build step: pass the isCustomElement option to the Vue template compiler. If using vue-loader, this should be passed via vue-loader's compilerOptions option:

    // in webpack config
rules: [
  {
    test: /\.vue$/,
    use: 'vue-loader',
    options: {
      compilerOptions: {
        isCustomElement: tag => tag === 'plastic-button'
      }
    }
  }
  // ...
]
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  • If using on-the-fly template compilation, pass it via app.config.compilerOptions.isCustomElement:

    const app = Vue.createApp({})
app.config.compilerOptions.isCustomElement = tag => tag === 'plastic-button'
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    It's important to note the runtime config only affects runtime template compilation - it won't affect pre-compiled templates.

# Customized Built-in Elements

The Custom Elements specification provides a way to use custom elements as Customized Built-in Element (opens new window) by adding the is attribute to a built-in element:

<button is="plastic-button">Click Me!</button>
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Vue's usage of the is special attribute was simulating what the native attribute does before it was made universally available in browsers. However, in 2.x it was interpreted as rendering a Vue component with the name plastic-button. This blocks the native usage of Customized Built-in Element mentioned above.

In 3.0, we are limiting Vue's special treatment of the is attribute to the <component> tag only.

  • When used on the reserved <component> tag, it will behave exactly the same as in 2.x;

  • When used on normal components, it will behave like a normal attribute:

    <foo is="bar" />
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    • 2.x behavior: renders the bar component.
    • 3.x behavior: renders the foo component and passing the is attribute.

  • When used on plain elements, it will be passed to the createElement call as the is attribute, and also rendered as a native attribute. This supports the usage of customized built-in elements.

    <button is="plastic-button">Click Me!</button>
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    • 2.x behavior: renders the plastic-button component.

    • 3.x behavior: renders a native button by calling

      document.createElement('button', { is: 'plastic-button' })
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Migration build flag: COMPILER_IS_ON_ELEMENT

# vue: Prefix for In-DOM Template Parsing Workarounds

Note: this section only affects cases where Vue templates are directly written in the page's HTML. When using in-DOM templates, the template is subject to native HTML parsing rules. Some HTML elements, such as <ul>, <ol>, <table> and <select> have restrictions on what elements can appear inside them, and some elements such as <li>, <tr>, and <option> can only appear inside certain other elements.

# 2.x Syntax

In Vue 2 we recommended working around with these restrictions by using the is attribute on a native tag:

<table>
  <tr is="blog-post-row"></tr>
</table>
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# 3.x Syntax

With the behavior change of is, a vue: prefix is now required to resolve the element as a Vue component:

<table>
  <tr is="vue:blog-post-row"></tr>
</table>
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# Migration Strategy

  • Replace config.ignoredElements with either vue-loader's compilerOptions (with the build step) or app.config.compilerOptions.isCustomElement (with on-the-fly template compilation)

  • Change all non-<component> tags with is usage to <component is="..."> (for SFC templates) or prefix it with vue: (for in-DOM templates).

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